Walnut — Identification, Uses and Properties
Juglans regia L. Juglandaceae
Sawn timber appearance grading No conventional grading rules for this species. Sawn products are graded according to final uses.
Walnut is characterised by a
HARDWOOD EUROPE TURNED GOODS
Taxonomy & Nomenclature
Botanical Name(s)
Juglans regia L.
Family
Juglandaceae
Wood type
Hardwood
Local Names
Nussbaum, Walnuss (Germany), Nogal (Spain), Noyer (France), Noce commune (Italy), European walnut, Walnut (United Kingdom), de la Possonnière (birthplace of Pierre de Ronsard), (Double sideboard, Paris region – 16th century, Manoir)
Origin Region
Europe
Main End Uses
Turned goods · Cabinetry (high-end furniture) · Interior joinery · Sliced veneer · Sculpture · Marquetry
Wood Identification Guide
Reference Colour
Brown
Texture
Medium
Grain
Straight
Sapwood
Not clearly demarcated
Interlocked Grain
Absent
Notes
Sometimes brown more or less yellow or pinkish brown, sometimes greyish, often with darker veins.
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Log Description
Tree height
80 – 115 ft
Tree height
24 – 35 m
Diameter
30 to 80 cm cm
Sapwood Thickness
2 to 5 cm cm
Buoyancy
Not applicable
Log Conservation
Low (treatment necessary)
Diameter
11.8 to 31.5 in in
Sapwood Thickness
0.8 to 2 in in
Physical & Mechanical Properties
Density
0.66 g/cm³ @ 12% MC
Density
41.2 lb/ft³
Monnin Hardness
3.2
Janka Hardness
960 lbf
Janka Hardness
4,270 N
Volumetric Shrinkage Coefficient
0.37 % / %
Tangential Shrinkage
7.5 %
Radial Shrinkage
5.5 %
T/R Anisotropy Ratio
1.4
Fibre Saturation Point
27 %
Thermal Conductivity
0.22 W/m·K
Thermal Conductivity
0.127 BTU/(h·ft·°F)
Crushing Strength
64 MPa
Crushing Strength
9,282 psi
Bending Strength (MOR)
117 MPa
Bending Strength (MOR)
16,969 psi
Modulus of Elasticity (MOE)
11,800 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity (MOE)
1,711,445 psi
Durability & Treatment
Resistance to Decay
Class 3 - moderately durableDry Wood Borers
Class D - durable (heartwood durable but sapwood not clearly demarcated)Termites
Class S - susceptibleTreatability
Class 3 - poorly treatableUse Class
Class 2 - inside or under cover (dampness possible)Preservation Requirements
Against Dry Wood Borers
This wood does not require any preservation treatmentTemporary Humidification
This wood requires appropriate preservation treatmentNotes
This species is listed in the NF EN 350 standard. Cross sections of Juglans regiaDrying Schedule & Risks
Drying Rate
Normal to slow
Risk Distortion
Slight risk
Risk Case Hardening
No known specific risk
Risk Checking
Slight risk
Risk Collapse
Yes
Suggested Schedule
Schedule #4 (see explanatory note)
Sawing & Machining
Blunting Effect
Normal
Machining Tools
Ordinary
Suitability Peeling
Good
Suitability Slicing
Good
Assembling & Finishing
Nailing Screwing
Good
Fire Safety & Ratings
French Grading Thick Gt14mm
M3 (moderately flammable) Thickness < 14 mm: M4 (readily flammable) Euroclass grading. D-s2, d0 Default grading for solid wood that meets requirements of European standard NF EN 14081-1 (April 2016): structural graded timber in vertical uses and ceilings with minimal mean density of 0.35 and minimal thickness of 22 mm.
French Grading Thick Lt14mm
M4 (readily flammable) Euroclass grading. D-s2, d0 Default grading for solid wood that meets requirements of European standard NF EN 14081-1 (April 2016): structural graded timber in vertical uses and ceilings with minimal mean density of 0.35 and minimal thickness of 22 mm.
Euroclass
D-s2, d0 Default grading for solid wood that meets requirements of European standard NF EN 14081-1 (April 2016): structural graded timber in vertical uses and ceilings with minimal mean density of 0.35 and minimal thickness of 22 mm.
CITES & Trade Restrictions
CITES Status
No trade restrictions
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